Past Papers’ Solutions | Edexcel | AS & A level | Mathematics | Core Mathematics 1 (C1-6663/01) | Year 2013 | January | Q#6
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Question
Figure 1 shows a sketch of the curve with equation , x ≠ 0.
The curve C has equation , x ≠ 0, and the line
has equation y = 4x + 2.
a. Sketch and clearly label the graphs of C and on a single diagram.
On your diagram, show clearly the coordinates of the points where C and cross the coordinate axes.
b. Write down the equations of the asymptotes of the curve C.
c. Find the coordinates of the points of intersection of and y = 4x + 2.
Solution
a.
We are required to sketch the graphs of curve C and line on the same diagram.
Let us first sketch he curve C.
We are given equation of the curve C as;
However, we are also given graph of the curve with equation;
It is evident that curve C is a transformed version of the given curve whose sketch is already given.
We are given that;
We are required to sketch y=f(x)-5.
Translation through vector represents the move,
units in the x-direction and
units in the positive y-direction.
Translation through vector transforms the function
into
or
.
Transformation of the function into
or
results from translation through vector
.
Translation vector transforms the function
into
or
which means shift upwards along y-axis.
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Transformed |
Translation Vector |
Movement |
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Function |
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Coordinates |
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It is evident that y=f(x)-5 is a case of translation by 5 units along negative y-axis.
We just need to translate the given sketch of the curve along negative y-axis by 5 units as shown below. The red is the original while orange is the translated graph.
Next we need to sketch the line for which equation is;
A line can be sketch easily by marking its x and y intercepts.
The point at which curve (or line) intercepts x-axis, the value of
. So we can find the value of
coordinate by substituting
in the equation of the curve (or line).
Therefore, we substitute y=0 in equation of the line;
Hence coordinates of y-intercept are .
The point at which curve (or line) intercepts y-axis, the value of
. So we can find the value of
coordinate by substituting
in the equation of the curve (or line).
Therefore, we substitute x=0 in equation of the line;
Hence coordinates of y-intercept are (0,2).
Therefore, the line can be sketched on the same diagram as shown below.
b.
We are given that;
Next we are required to state the equations of asymptotes.
An asymptote is a line that a curve approaches, as it heads towards infinity. Both horizontal and vertical asymptotes may exist for a given graph. The distance between the curve and the asymptote tends to zero as they head to infinity.
For the graph sketched above, we can draw horizontal and vertical asymptotes as shown below.
It is evident that horizontal asymptote (blue line) can be stated with equation;
Similarly, vertical asymptote (green line) can be stated with equation;
c.
We are required to find the coordinates of point(s) of intersection of curve C and line .
If two lines (or a line and a curve) intersect each other at a point then that point lies on both lines i.e. coordinates of that point have same values on both lines (or on the line and the curve). Therefore, we can equate coordinates of both lines i.e. equate equations of both the lines (or the line and the curve).
Equation of the line is;
Equation of the curve is;
Equating both equations;
Now we have two options.
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Two values of x indicate that there are two intersection points.
With x-coordinate of point of intersection of two lines (or line and the curve) at hand, we can find the y-coordinate of the point of intersection of two lines (or line and the curve) by substituting value of x-coordinate of the point of intersection in any of the two equations.
We choose equation of the line ;
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