Past Papers’ Solutions | Cambridge International Examinations (CIE) | AS & A level | Mathematics 9709 | Pure Mathematics 2 (P2-9709/02) | Year 2010 | May-Jun | (P2-9709/23) | Q#3
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Question
Solve the inequality .
Solution
SOLVING INEQUALITY: PIECEWISE
Let, . We can write it as;
We have to consider both moduli separately and it leads to following cases;
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If then above four intervals translate to following with their corresponding inequality;
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If then above four intervals translate to following with their corresponding inequality;
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We have the inequality;
In standard form it can be written as;
We have to consider both moduli separately and it leads to following cases;
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Since then above four intervals translate to;
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We can see that given inequality takes following forms for these intervals.
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For interval |
For interval |
For interval |
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This is inconsistent with |
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Hence, the only solution for the given inequality is;
SOLVING INEQUALITY: ALGEBRAICALLY
Let, .
Since given equation/inequality is of the form or
or
, we can solve this inequality by taking square of both sides;
We are given inequality;
Therefore, we can solve it algebraically;
To find the set of values of x for which , we solve the following equation to find critical values of
;
Now we have two options;
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Hence the critical points on the curve for the given condition are
&
.
Standard form of quadratic equation is;
The graph of quadratic equation is a parabola. If (‘a’ is positive) then parabola opens upwards and its vertex is the minimum point on the graph.
If (‘a’ is negative) then parabola opens downwards and its vertex is the maximum point on the graph.
We recognize that given curve , is a parabola opening upwards.
Therefore conditions for are;
Hence;
SOLVING INEQUALITY: GRAPHICALLY
We aregiven inequality;
To solve the inequality graphically, we need to sketch both sides of inequality;
Let’s sketch both equations one-by-one.
First we have to sketch;
Let, .
It can be written as;
We have to draw two separate graphs;
When |
When |
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Therefore; |
Therefore; |
It is evident that and
are reflection of each other in x-axis. So we can draw line of
by first drawing
and then reflecting in x-axis that part of the line which is below x-axis.
It can be written as;
We have to draw two separate graphs;
When |
When |
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Therefore; |
Therefore; |
It is evident that and
are reflection of each other in x-axis. So we can sketch
by first drawing
and then reflecting in x-axis that part of the line which is below x-axis.
Therefore, first we sketch the line .
To sketch a line we only need x and y intercepts of the line.
The point at which curve (or line) intercepts x-axis, the value of
. So we can find the value of
coordinate by substituting
in the equation of the curve (or line).
Therefore, we substitute
in
given equation of the line.
Hence, coordinates of
x-intercept of the line with are
.
The point at which
curve (or line) intercepts y-axis, the value of . So we can
find the value of coordinate
by substituting in the equation
of the curve (or line).
Therefore, we substitute
in
given equation of the line.
Hence, coordinates of
y-intercept of the line with are
.
Hence, we get following
graph for ;
We can reflect in x-axis
that part of the line which is below x-axis to make it graph of , as
shown below.
Next we have to solve;
Let, .
It can be written as;
We have to draw two separate graphs;
When |
When |
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Therefore; |
Therefore; |
It is evident that and
are reflection
of each other in x-axis. So we can draw line of by first
drawing and then
reflecting in x-axis that part of the line which is below x-axis.
It is ca be written
as;
We have to draw two
separate graphs;
When |
When |
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Therefore; |
Therefore; |
It is evident that and
are
reflection of each other in x-axis. So we can sketch by
first drawing and
then reflecting in x-axis that part of the line which is below x-axis.
Therefore, next we sketch
the line .
To sketch
a line we only need x and y intercepts of the line.
The point at which
curve (or line) intercepts x-axis, the value of . So we can
find the value of coordinate
by substituting in the equation
of the curve (or line).
Therefore, we substitute
in
given equation of the line.
Hence, coordinates of
x-intercept of the line with are
.
The point at which
curve (or line) intercepts y-axis, the value of . So we can
find the value of coordinate
by substituting in the equation
of the curve (or line).
Therefore, we substitute
in
given equation of the line.
Hence, coordinates of
y-intercept of the line with are
.
Hence, we get following
graph for ;
We can reflect in x-axis
that part of the line which is below x-axis to make it graph of , as
shown below.
When we sketch the two graphs on the same
axes and we get following.
We are looking for the solution of .
It
is evident from the graphs that is
below (smaller) than for
all values of;
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